Civil War Field Fortifications Website

Constructing a seven salient star is yet another two part operation. A heptagon has to be constructed first, by inscribing it inside a circle, and then the angles of the heptagon must be sharpened and the sides indented to give the star that shiny bit of pointiness so necessary for such a lustrous thing.

Begin by describing a circle.

Produce a diameter of the circle.

Produce a radius of the circle that is perpendicular to the drawn diameter.

To continue: using the point where the radius strikes the circumference of the circle as a center describe two arcs of a circle that have a radius equal to the radius of the given circle. Try to do this in such a way that one arc cuts the circle above the radius line recently produced and the other cuts below it. Note that this perpendicular comes very close to bisecting the radius, but in the reality of the paper world, actually does not (so no short-cuts for you!)

Produce a right line from either one of the cuts points on the circle circumference that is perpendicular to the radius. Use the length of that perpendicular to mark points of division around the circumference of the circle.

Connect the marked points around the circumference to produce the seven sides of the heptagon. Remember that the last side produced (that is, the one joining the first mark and last mark on the circumference) will be a tad longer than the rest.

This completes the heptagon. It may be best to erase all the construction lines and marks that have been produced thus far, things are about to get very messy...

Using the circle and the vertices of the heptagon, go around the figure constructing 60 degree angles. Begin this operation by producing a diameter of the circle that passes through the vertex of one of the heptagon's angles.

To further confuse matters, jump to the next angle of the heptagon and construct a second 60 degree angle. The result looks very much like the illustration to the left, lots of lines, little sense.

Things come clear once one understands how and where to use an eraser. The two lines that come out of the two vertices and intersect between the two angles form two sides of the seven salient star. Erase the far side of those lines to reveal the two faces of the star and the re-entering angle between the two angles of the star.

Be careful not to erase any other lines until you've finished using them to produce the faces of the star. For instance, the two lines produced by the two 60 degree angles that do not intersect with each other must be left where they are until the next angle over gets the 60 degree angle treatment and another leg from another angle intersects them.

After suffering through the tedium of performing the seven 60 degree angle operations necessary to produce the 14 faces of the seven salient star, the thing should bear some resemblance to the illustration to the left.

All of the extraneous construction lines and marks can now be erased to clarify the outline of the seven salient star.

~ An Instructive Animation Wherein the Foregoing Construction is Visually Explained ~

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